diff --git a/tests/rules/test_colons.py b/tests/rules/test_colons.py
index a1e63d5..c9aaaf2 100644
--- a/tests/rules/test_colons.py
+++ b/tests/rules/test_colons.py
@@ -152,6 +152,21 @@ class ColonTestCase(RuleTestCase):
                    'a: {b: {c:  d, e :  f}}\n', conf,
                    problem1=(2, 12), problem2=(2, 20))
 
+    def test_after_enabled_question_mark(self):
+        conf = 'colons: {max-spaces-before: -1, max-spaces-after: 1}'
+        self.check('---\n'
+                   '? key\n'
+                   ': value\n', conf)
+        self.check('---\n'
+                   '?  key\n'
+                   ': value\n', conf, problem=(2, 3))
+        self.check('---\n'
+                   '?  key\n'
+                   ':  value\n', conf, problem1=(2, 3), problem2=(3, 3))
+        self.check('---\n'
+                   '- ?  key\n'
+                   '  :  value\n', conf, problem1=(2, 5), problem2=(3, 5))
+
     def test_after_max(self):
         conf = 'colons: {max-spaces-before: -1, max-spaces-after: 3}'
         self.check('---\n'
diff --git a/yamllint/rules/colons.py b/yamllint/rules/colons.py
index d20f453..6868147 100644
--- a/yamllint/rules/colons.py
+++ b/yamllint/rules/colons.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 import yaml
 
-from yamllint.rules.common import spaces_after, spaces_before
+from yamllint.rules.common import spaces_after, spaces_before, is_explicit_key
 
 
 ID = 'colons'
@@ -38,3 +38,10 @@ def check(conf, token, prev, next, context):
                                max_desc='too many spaces after colon')
         if problem is not None:
             yield problem
+
+    if isinstance(token, yaml.KeyToken) and is_explicit_key(token):
+        problem = spaces_after(token, prev, next,
+                               max=conf['max-spaces-after'],
+                               max_desc='too many spaces after question mark')
+        if problem is not None:
+            yield problem
diff --git a/yamllint/rules/common.py b/yamllint/rules/common.py
index d38fd92..400479c 100644
--- a/yamllint/rules/common.py
+++ b/yamllint/rules/common.py
@@ -101,3 +101,15 @@ def get_comments_between_tokens(token1, token2, skip_first_line=False):
         pointer += len(line) + 1
         line_no += 1
         column_no = 1
+
+
+def is_explicit_key(token):
+    # explicit key:
+    #   ? key
+    #   : v
+    # or
+    #   ?
+    #     key
+    #   : v
+    return (token.start_mark.pointer < token.end_mark.pointer and
+            token.start_mark.buffer[token.start_mark.pointer] == '?')
diff --git a/yamllint/rules/indentation.py b/yamllint/rules/indentation.py
index eab3a40..67bfccc 100644
--- a/yamllint/rules/indentation.py
+++ b/yamllint/rules/indentation.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 import yaml
 
 from yamllint.errors import LintProblem
+from yamllint.rules.common import is_explicit_key
 
 
 ID = 'indentation'
@@ -128,16 +129,7 @@ def check(conf, token, prev, next, context):
 
         context['stack'].append(Parent(KEY, indent))
 
-        # explicit key:
-        #   ? key
-        #   : v
-        # or
-        #   ?
-        #     key
-        #   : v
-        context['stack'][-1].explicit_key = (
-           token.start_mark.pointer < token.end_mark.pointer and
-           token.start_mark.buffer[token.start_mark.pointer] == '?')
+        context['stack'][-1].explicit_key = is_explicit_key(token)
 
     if context['stack'][-1].type == VAL:
         context['stack'].pop()